The long-term effects of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol®) is studied here, and the results show that taking Pycnogenol® three hours prior to a smoker’s first cigarette of the day significantly reduced smoke-induced platelet aggregation to the level of nonsmokers. These observations suggest that the bioflavonoids in Pycnogenol® reduces the platelet aggregation caused by tobacco smoke and reduces the risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
Blood Health, Heart Disease, Smoking
Pine bark extract’s benefits for the cardiovascular health of smokers.
